A new Congressional bill that would improve public access to the roughly $60 billion in research the federal government funds each year is drawing praise from researchers who say it will accelerate innovation, and criticism from some publishers who fear it will undermine their financial model.
The Fair Access to Science and Technology Research Act would require each federally funded researcher to submit an electronic copy of the final text of their peer- reviewed work and ensure that manuscript is available free online within six months.
"We are supportive of any initiative that increases transparency and collaboration, and creates widespread access to the amazing work of our biomedical researchers," said Dr. Paul J. Anderson, chief academic officer and senior vice president of research at Brigham and Women's Hospital. "The FASTR Act has the potential to speed the pace of innovation, a goal that we are all focused on, as we work to translate our research breakthroughs to clinical therapies for the ultimate benefit of our patients."
Harry Orf, senior vice president for research at Massachusetts General Hospital, said MGH also supports full disclosure of peer-reviewed research.
Currently, federally funded study results are reported to the National Institutes of Health and submitted within a year of publication to PubMed Central, a freely accessible government database.
Orf's one concern is that any additional requirements the FASTR Act entails be handled through that system to prevent "increased bureaucratic burden" on researchers.
"Researchers with a final manuscript like as many people as possible to see it," said Dr. Roger K. Pitman, a psychiatrist at MGH and professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. "The issue here is more one of interaction between the federal government and journals."
Opponents to the FASTR Act include the Association of American Publishers, whose president and CEO said the bill "undermines our scientific publishing system, prioritizing simplicity over sustainability."
"The bills' short, inflexible 6- and 12-month embargoes will damage the financial viability of many scholarly journals and weaken the quality and integrity of the system, including the vital peer review process," said Tom Allen. "A goal of free public access to the world must not be allowed to eliminate the financial incentives for scholarly publishers to invest in bringing cutting-edge research to public attention."
But Heather Joseph, executive director of the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition, said, "Being able to provide access to this layer of information is at the core of our mission."
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